Assessment of Endothelin1 and Cardiovascular Risk among Prediabetes

Abstract

The increasing incidence of prediabetes represents a significant health problem worldwide. The role of Endothelin-1 has been investigated in diabetic and prediabetic individuals and numerous studies indicated that plasma endothelin-1 levels are elevated in type 1 and type 2 diabetics as well as prediabetics. Consequently, a significant intercorrelation had been documented between cardiovascular risk, diabetic complications and plasma endothelin-1 levels. In Iraq, studies that investigated the Endothelin-1 and cardiovascular risks in prediabetic individuals are scarce, hence this study aimed to assess the Endothelin-1 and cardiovascular risk among Iraqi prediabetic individuals. Hence a case control study was conducted with some specific objectives for this purpose. The study aimed to investigate the association between plasma levels of Endothelin-1 and cardiovascular risk factors among these individuals in comparison to apparently healthy control group with normal glycemic levels. The study conducted during the period between April 2022 to November 2024 at Al-Imamain Kadhimain Medical city in Baghdad-, capital of Iraq. We enrolled 40 prediabetic (cases group) and 40 healthy individuals (control group). Both groups were almost matched for age, gender and body mass index. All studied parameters were tested under standard protocols and methods. Findings revealed that prediabetic individuals had significantly higher levels of prediabetes related and cardiovascular risk markers compared to controls, (P. value<0.0001). In conclusion, Endothelin-1 levels were significantly elevated in prediabetics and may suggest that Endothelin-1 may be a significant mediator for the development of cardiovascular risk on prediabetic population.